Which symptoms are associated with postpartum depression that can affect bonding?

• A. Increased energy and happiness
• B. Interest in social activities
• C. Sadness, helplessness, and low energy
• D. Improved concentration

Answer: (C)

Postpartum depression can disrupt bonding because its mood and energy symptoms make it hard for a mother to be emotionally available and responsive to her baby. When sadness, a feeling of helplessness, and low energy are present, a mother may struggle to soothe, engage with, or interpret her infant’s cues, which can weaken the developing mother–baby connection. In contrast, increased energy and happiness, interest in social activities, or better concentration aren’t symptoms of postpartum depression and would not explain bonding difficulties. So, the combination of persistent sadness, helplessness, and low energy best explains the impact on bonding.